Age | Pathogens | |
Neonate (118) |
Proteus Citrobacter Enterobacter |
|
Child (55, 132) |
Streptococcus (aerobic and anaerobic) 60-70% Gram negative anaerobic 20-40% Enterobacter Staphylococcus 10-15% |
|
Route of Infection | Condition | Pathogens |
Hematogenous | ||
Congenital heart disease |
Streptococcus viridans Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus (aerobic and microaerophillic) Haemophilus sp. |
|
Endocarditis |
Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus (aerobic and microaerophillic) |
|
Bacteremia |
Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus (aerobic and microaerophillic) Gram negative anaerobic bacilli |
|
Pulmonary infection |
Streptococcus (aerobic and anaerobic) Nocardia Gram negative anaerobic bacilli Fusobacterium Actinomyces |
|
Skin folliculitis |
Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus |
|
Osteomyelitis |
Staphylococcus aureus Enterobacter Streptococcus Haemophilus sp. |
|
Pulmonary foreign body (aspiration) |
Streptococcus (aerobic and anaerobic) Gram negative anaerobic bacilli Nocardia Fusobacterium Actinomyces |
|
Contiguous | ||
Otitis media |
Streptococcus (aerobic and anaerobic) Enterobacter Pseudomonas Provetella Bacteroides |
|
Sinus infection |
Streptococcus (aerobic and anaerobic) Enterobacter Pseudomonas Fusobacterium Bacteroides Haemophilus sp. |
|
Meningitis |
Staphylococcus Gram negative bacilli Streptococcus Listeria Haemophilus sp. |
|
Dental infection |
Mixed anaerobes Streptococcus (aerobic and anaerobic) Staphylococcus aureus Enterococcus |
|
Trauma | ||
Penetrating cranial injury |
Streptococcus Staphylococcus Enterococcus Mycobacterium Bacteroides Clostridium |
|
Neurosurgical procedure |
Staphylococcus Pseudomonas Enterococcus |
|
Immunological Status | Pathogens | |
Immunocompromised |
Nocardia Mycobacteria (TB) Gram negative anaerobic bacilli Asperillus Candida Enterobacter Cryptococcus Toxoplasma gondii Mucorales Listeria |
(Adapted from 31, 51)